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Cake day: August 15th, 2023

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  • A key finding from the survey is that the galaxies are maturing faster in several ways than researchers previously believed. For one, the galaxies are more chemically enriched than expected, which means they have produced more heavy elements, in particular carbon and oxygen, than was thought possible during this early age of the cosmos.

    As galaxies evolve, pockets of gas within them condense and ignite into stars. The new stars churn out heavy elements like carbon, which then become building blocks for the next generation of stars. Ultimately, these heavy elements (referred to as metals in astronomy) are required to make planetary systems, and even humans, in the case of our own solar system.

    “How do metals form in less than 1 billion years? It was a surprise to see such chemically mature galaxies,” Faisst says. “It’s like seeing 2-year-old children act like teenagers.”











  • They are not very accurate. You’re more likely to get yelled at by a NCO(non commissioned officer) than by an officer on a day to day basis. Most officers are like middle managers until you hit the O-5 to O-6 rank. Officers give out orders, NCOs carryout orders using junior enlisted personnel. Most harassment stops outside of basic/advanced training, unless someone in your unit gets in trouble and then they might do a mass punishment where everyone is cleaning the barracks on a Friday night or over the weekend. I’m white, so I can’t speak much to the discrimination part, other than it didn’t happen much in the jobs that I was in. I’m positive it happens, but it didn’t happen out in the open when I was in. Obviously the current administration for the US government is changing that a bit. I can’t speak for the person you asked the question to, but I had two combat deployments and two trips to South Korea, with a solid bit of PTSD from the deployments.